There is a vast array of options, together with terminology that you may not have heard of before. So we decided to create this guide to help you understand CCTV cameras better when considering home or business CCTV installation. If you need any help while reading this guide, please call us on 020 3282 0453Īs well as installing CCTV systems, Techcube also supply equipment, including CCTV cameras, DVRs (Digital Video Recorders), NVRs (Network Video Recorders), and also tools to carry out CCTV installation. When buying a camera system, many factors must be considered, for example how the system will be used, technical CCTV camera specifications and constraints of the environment into which the system is installed. Each section of the buyer’s guide below will inform you about the different aspects of cameras. The main function of a CCTV camera is to capture light and convert it into a video signal. This converts light into an electrical signal.Īt the core of a CCTV camera is a CCD sensor (Charge Coupled Device). Signal processing converts the electrical signal to a video signal that can be displayed on screen or recorded. The CCD is made up of optical detector integrated circuits that use semiconductors. The camera lens focuses light on the CCD image sensor. Photo diodes sense the image areas of light and dark and this results in an electrical charge in proportion to the level of light. A brighter area will result in a higher charge. The photo diodes form a matrix of rows and columns and are called picture cells or Pixels. The charge on the diodes are then processed. With digital IP (Internet Protocol) cameras, each camera captures an analogue signal, but this is converted to a digital signal within the camera itself. Digital processing may also occur within the camera. The digital signal is then sent via a LAN (Local Area Network). Instead of the analogue system’s DVR, for IP cameras, the video from each camera is compressed and recorded onto an NVR (Network Video Recorder). The key difference is that the signal is digital and a much higher resolution (see further down in this guide) than analogue. The NVR streams the video from all cameras and broadcasts over LAN and over the internet for remote viewing.ĭigital signal processing cameras utilise a DSP chip to convert analogue video signals to digital. The analogue signal is generated by a CCD chip (charge coupled device – see above) and then the DSP chip converts to digital. DSP camera benefits include increased brightness, greater stability of image, a sharper image and better power efficiency. There is also reduced sensitivity to noise. Camera Cables and ConnectionsĪn effective CCTV camera system requires correct and high quality cabling and connectors to connect the components of the system together. Saves time and cost – savings can be made by not having to install electrical cabling. Network cables do not require a qualified electrician for installation. Location of cameras – as cameras do not require a power outlet, they can be located anywhere and can be relocated easily if required. Safety – PoE is an intelligent system and protects equipment from incorrect installation, power overload, or under powering.
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